The Center for Hellenic Studies

Collection Areas and Databases

The CHS Library Collection Policy is as follows:

  • Comprehensive coverage for ancient Greek philology (language and literature); ancient Greek history; ancient Greek philosophy; ancient Greek religion; ancient Greek science and medicine; ancient Greek epigraphy; Greek papyrology; ancient Greek numismatics; classical scholarship (Greek).  
  • Selective coverage for Greek palaeography to ca. 430, classical Greek art and architecture; classical Greek archaeology; Latin philology; Etruscan, Italic, and Latin epigraphy; ancient history (Roman Empire); ancient religion (Etruscan, Roman, early Christianity).
  • Major titles for prehistoric archaeology (the Near East, Egypt, Anatolia, the Aegean, mainland Greece); early modern and modern Greece; Etruscan, Italic and Roman archaeology; Etruscan, Italic, Roman art and architecture; Roman numismatics; post 430 CE palaeography (Greek and Latin); history of humanism and the classical tradition; history of science.

Some Basic Greek Texts and Databases

Editions of Greek Texts

  • Text editions, including Teubner, OCT, Budé, and LCL are interfiled with the author entries throughout the PA section. The Greek Loeb texts are also shelved as a separate set in the Mosaic Room. There are occasional Loebs, for example, shelved also in other call number sections such as in B for philosophy, R for medicine, etc., by author (or by title if there is no author). Whereas you can locate volumes in the following series by searching on an individual author, you can also access them as series: 
  • To search for the Greek Teubner texts, type “Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana” in the Advanced Search module in HOLLIS, limiting your search to “Ancient, Greek (to 1453)” under Language, “Library Catalog” in the Search menu and “Ctr for Hellenic Studies” in the drop-down menu.
  • To search for the Greek Budé editions, type (Société d’Édition “Les Belles lettres”) “Collection des universités de France” and “Série grecque” in the Advanced Search module in HOLLIS, limiting your search to “Ancient, Greek (to 1453)” under Language (if you do not specify “Série grecque”), “Library Catalog” in the top Search menu and “Ctr for Hellenic Studies” in the drop-down menu.
  • To search for the Greek OCT, type, “Scriptorum classicorum bibliotheca Oxoniensis” in the Advanced Search module in HOLLIS, limiting your search to “Ancient, Greek (to 1453)” under Language, “Library Catalog” in the top Search menu and “Ctr for Hellenic Studies” in the drop-down menu. 
  • To search for the Greek Loebs, type “Loeb Classical Library” in the Advanced Search module in HOLLIS, limiting your search to “Ancient, Greek (to 1453)” under Language, “Library Catalog,” in the top Search menu and “Ctr for Hellenic Studies” in the drop-down menu.”
  • A few of the Mondadori Scrittori greci e latini texts are also available in the CHS library by author, type “Scrittori greci e latini” and Greek in the Advanced Search module in HOLLIS, limiting your search to “Ancient, Greek (to 1453)” under Language, “Library Catalog” in the top Search menu and “Ctr for Hellenic Studies” in the drop-down menu.”
  • Several of the volumes in the Cambridge classical texts and commentaries series are available in the CHS library. Type “Cambridge classical texts and commentaries” in the Advanced Search module in HOLLIS, limiting your search to “Ancient, Greek (to 1453)” under Language, “Library Catalog” in the top Search menu and “Ctr for Hellenic Studies” in the drop-down menu.
  • Many Greek OCT texts are available online through HOLLIS as are several Latin Teubner editions, and some Greek Teubner texts are in HathiTrust linked to in HOLLIS, and all the Loeb Classical Library volumes (though not all individual editions) are available online. 

Direct Links to Select Ancient Greek Databases

Many of the resources below have open access; others, though, require access to the HarvardKey which is given to CHS residential fellows to access resources also off campus (July 1-June 30 of the year of the fellowship). However, one of the privileges of being a CHS reader is that, while on the CHS campus, also readers have access to the e-resources of Harvard University. The resources below are just a few subjectively chosen ones with direct links for ease of access with the acknowledgement that whereas many residential fellows are seasoned researchers and already familiar with the resources below; others who come from smaller institutions or institutions in Europe or elsewhere may be less so. The same holds true for readers. Most of the resources below can also be searched, located, and accessed via HOLLIS if a link goes bad.

  • Athenian Onomasticon
    This useful resource is based on names found in Lexicon of Greek Personal Names II (Attica), Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, Inscriptiones Graecae II, and other sources. Open access. In conjunction with this resource, also check out the beta search version of the Lexicon of Greek Personal Names vols. 1-5c and LGPN-Ling: Etymology and Semantics of Ancient Greek Personal Names. Open access.
  • Database of Classical Scholars
    The work on this database was begun by Rebecka Lindau and the late Larissa Bonfante, upon Professor Bonfante’s suggestion, as part of the efforts of the FCLSC in the Society for Classical Studies. It was continued and completed by other members of the committee and is now hosted at Rutgers with Ward W. Briggs, Jr as editor. Scholars’ names are continuously added. Open access.
  • Lexicon of Greek Grammarians of Antiquity
    Another Brill publication, edited by Franco Montanari, Fausto Montana, and Lara Pagani. Biographical and bibliographical information in Italian (and several in English) about more than 400 Greek grammarians in addition to Greek quotes from fragments. You can search by name or browse names in alphabetical order. A useful feature is the source information with links to the Greek texts when openly accessible online; however, the many clicks to get to information sought is somewhat frustrating. Also, not all features seem to be available or work, for example, a link to an English version of the biographical text for “Aristarchus Samothrax” (“page not found”). Complements Brill’s New Pauly and Brill’s Jacoby Online.
  • Who’s Who in the Classical World (OUP)
    Useful, but rather scant coverage of women in antiquity (e.g., Telesilla, Erinna, Nossis, Sulpicia, Anyte of Tegea, Vibia Perpetua, Hypatia, and several others are absent; to read writings by women from Roman antiquity and beyond, check out this iPhone App https://apps.apple.com/us/app/latin-readher/id6745842921). Who’s Who requires HarvardKey to access.

  • Ithaca Project
    Uses AI and an interactive interface to help restore damaged ancient Greek inscriptions and provide geographical and chronological attributions for them. Open access.
  • i2OCR (Optical Character Recognition)
    (on texts in polytonic ancient Greek, modern Greek, and many other languages). Freely downloadable for Windows. Ancient Greek text has been extracted to develop the OCR using more than 600 volumes from archive.org and from original scanned images and other documents to develop, edit, format, index, search, and translate OCR generated content.
  • Mirador Viewer
    Enables image annotation and comparison of images from repositories dispersed around the world. Mark Schiefsky, director of CHS, is currently developing a database using Mirador technology to provide access to digitized manuscripts from around the world and to enable searchable annotations, such as metadata and commentary, a “Library of Libraries.” The initial set of manuscripts are medical. Open source although a login may be required for individual databases using this technology. 
  • Omeka
    A web publishing platform to upload digital objects (images or documents) and organize them into collections and exhibits. There are three versions: Omeka.net which offers a free account option and has basic features to create collections and exhibits directly on a website hosted by Omeka; the other two are Omeka Classic and Omeka S which must be downloaded and hosted by another entity and plugins added. The latter offers the most visual features for virtual exhibits. Omeka is much less intuitive than, for example, WordPress, but offers more features via themes and plugins, especially the newest version, Omeka S. Open source.
  • Opera Graeca Adnotata
    Under development. Ancient Greek text corpus with annotation and conversion tools. Links to a page with instructions on how to download the corpus and how to create queries of the texts. It is built on an earlier project, the Greek and Latin Dependency Treebank, developed from the Perseus Project. Open access and source. None of these resources, from Perseus Digital Library and onwards, are very user friendly. Searching Greek texts and dictionaries in Perseus is rather hit and miss, and it is not always even self-explanatory how to go about searching for words and phrases in Perseus unlike in the TLG and the LCL, for example. Jumping to passages in texts is also not very straightforward. The hyperlinks, though, are often very useful, and the fact that one can get a broad look at antiquity through both its text and material cultures is great.
  • Pharos
    Open and freely accessible platform allowing for access to photo archive images using linked open data technology and their associated scholarly documentation by converting metadata to CIDOC-CRM ontology. Created by Harvard’s Villa I Tatti, Biblioteca Hertziana, the Frick Library, and others.
  • Pleiades
    A searchable gazetteer of ancient places using Google Earth, Google Maps, GeoNames with added articles about individual sites, related sites, find spots of archaeological artefacts. Joint effort by the Ancient World Mapping Center and the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. Open access, downloads of datasets, wiki.
  • SEDES: Metrical Position in Greek Epic
    By bridging data science and close reading, this resource demonstrates new ways to understand patterns of meter and meaning in early Greek poetry. Created by Stephen Sansom, residential fellow at the CHS, fall 2024, and assistant professor at Florida State University, and by David Fifield. Open access. 
  • Tabula Peutingeriana
    Zoom in and examine the Peutinger Table, a medieval road map of the Roman Empire from a late antique original. The map, reading from west to east, is 6.75 meters long and 0.35 meters high. The CHS facsimile with a fold out map of the same measurements, Die Peutingersche Tafel, is from 1963 (Brockhaus). The IIIF object was created by John Fletcher, Center for Hellenic Studies. Open access.
  • Transkribus
    Using AI, this resource transforms hard to read handwritten script to text. Much potential for Greek palaeography.  Not open access or source. 
  • Trismegistos
    Under development. Trismegistos is an interdisciplinary portal of papyrological and epigraphical resources pulling data from a number of digitized materials. You can search texts, collections, people, places, words, authors, etc.  Requires HarvardKey to access.

  • Année Philologique (aka l’Année Philologique)
    The index to classical studies. In addition to identifying articles, monographs, dissertations, conference proceedings, etc., you can retrieve MLA and APA citations and the full text of many articles either openly accessible or available through a Harvard subscription. If Harvard does not subscribe, the “fulltext” option is misleading as it does not allow you to download or even view the full text. In some cases, you are asked to create an account to view the item. The index requires a HarvardKey to access.

Classical Studies is unique in having bibliographies covering scholarship from the earliest days of printing until today’s l’Année philologique. In the 3rd c. BCE, Callimachus, librarian at the Library of Alexandria, created the Pinakes, which were a sort of bibliographic survey of authors and works held in the library, similar to die Archäologische Bibliographie of the German Archaeological Institute reflecting their library’s holdings. The Pinakes are said to have comprised some 120 books, laying the foundation for later work on the history of Greek literature. 

The word bibliography comes from the Greek βιβλιογραφία (βιβλίον meaning book, tablet, paper — byblos is also the word in Greek for papyrus — and γράφω meaning “I write”) and was used by Greek writers in the first three centuries of the common era to refer to the copying of books by hand (at this time papyrus scrolls, not yet the parchment codex). In the 12th century, the word began to be used for “the intellectual activity of composing books.” The 17th century saw the emergence of the modern meaning, that of a description of books and that is when bibliographies in classics began to be published in earnest. 

The librarian who first introduced an attempt at a comprehensive bibliography in classics was Johannes Albertus Fabricius (1668-1736). His Bibliotheca Graeca (in 12 vols.) and Bibliotheca Latina (in 6 vols.) indexed books from around 1470 through the early 1700s. The Latina was first published in 1697. At that time, as during the Hellenistic period, librarians were both scholars and administrators. Fabricius was born in Leipzig, but spent much of his life in Hamburg, first as librarian and later as professor of ethics and rhetoric at the local Gymnasium.

In those days, the bibliographies looked somewhat different from today, more in the school of Leipzig than the recent Paris counterparts. Classics in Germany traditionally refers to classical philology whereas the French, just like the Americans, tend to be somewhat more liberal in their definition and also include art, archaeology, history, etc.

To the German bibliographers all scholarship would fall under the names of authors and titles, so Thucydides was not chiefly a historian, but a Greek “literary” author and his works were studied more for their literary and textual qualities than for their historical details. There was Die Archäologische Bibliographie: Beilage zum Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, i.e., the catalog of the DAI, but it was not published as a separate bibliography containing both monographs and periodicals until 1913. Before that, the catalog edited by August Mau contained only monographs published 1900-1902.

The typical German bibliography of this period, such as those of Fabricius, begins with authors and text editions, translations (versiones) and catalecta (opera minora), and centones popular in late antiquity where authors would take verses from Vergil and assemble them into a literary patchwork to form a new poem, e.g., Proba Falconia’s Cento vergilianus de laudibus Christi.

Another early bibliography was Franz Ludwig Anton Schweiger’s (1803-1872) Handbuch der classischen Bibliographie, also covering the beginning of printing to ca. 1820-1830. This is also a “typical” Leipzig publication whose organization is similar: Authors, text editions, Übersetzungen (translations), Erläuterungschriften (commentaries), ältere Erklärer, centones.

A third bibliography which covers some of the same years, but also fills in gaps in Schweiger and Fabricius, is Wilhelm Engelmann’s (1808-1878) Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum. This was later edited by Emil Preuss, which is why it is usually referred to as “Engelmann-Preuss.” Engelmann was a book seller and later printer/publisher. In fact, his bibliography was published by his own printing press in 1853, also in Leipzig. It covers the years 1700-1878 and is divided into authors and titles and editions, translations, criticism, etc.  For example, Bucolica … Appendix Vergiliana – Moretum. Translations – German, English, criticisms (secondary sources).

Now we are at 1878 when we find Rudolf Klussmann’s (1846-1925) Bibliotheca Scriptorum et Graecorum et Latinorum covering 1878-1896. Just like the other Leipzig editions, the organization is virtually identical to that of Engelmann-Preuss, Schweiger, and Fabricius. 

The next bibliography, however, is a French title with quite a different organization. Now we are beginning to discern what later came to be. Scarlat Lambrino’s (1891-1964) Bibliographie de l’antiquité classique covers the years 1896-1914. Lambrino was a Romanian living in Portugal and a professor of classics at the University of Lisbon, so no more (German) booksellers or printers or librarians. It looks very similar to the Année (APh) with journal abbreviations, authors and texts, and subjects.

A contemporary of Lambrino’s (in fact, they both died in 1964) was Jules Marouzeau (1878-1964), the man who founded l’Année philologique. He, just like Lambrino, was a professor of Latin at the Sorbonne. He also edited one of the predecessors to the Année, Dix années de la bibliographie classique, covering the ten years prior to the Année, i.e., 1914-1924. And just like the other two Parisian (Belles Lettres) publications, the organization very much resembles that of the current index with abbreviations, authors, texts, and subject categories — realia, matières et disciplines — such as archaeology (divided into Roman, Greek, Christian, and Byzantine), numismatics, history (Greek, Roman, social, regional, religious, prehistory), philosophy, religion, law, etc. It is difficult to imagine that a 20th century German bibliographer would include a separate section on social history because of their historic emphasis on bibliography and canon.  

This brings us to the contemporary bibliography in classical studies, l’Année philologique. This contemporary index was first published in 1928 and covered the year 1927 and a second volume was published that same year covering the years 1924-1926. This means that the coverage of the index goes back to 1924. There is no longer only one editor, but a team of international scholars under French leadership to cover the numerous contemporary publications. For current bibliographic information in classics, it is recommended that you in addition consult Gnomon and its bibliographische Beilage.    

The organization of Lambrino and Marouzeau’s Dix années continues in l’Année philologique — a table of contents followed by abbreviations of journals, monographic series, and multi-volume sets indexed in each volume. Then follows the citation part beginning with authors and texts, editions and criticism; then subject categories – linguistics, archaeology, epigraphy, history, etc. — followed by indexes to the volumes (this well illustrates both the progression of indexing and how substantive this one has become that it even needs indexes to the index) – ancient name index, geographic index, modern name index, and modern author index.

In 2002, the Année went online with a next to incomprehensible search interface unless you were familiar with the print version. Just like the incunabula imitated manuscripts, the online index imitated the print version. Ancient Authors, Modern Authors, and Subjects and Disciplines constituted separate search fields. In addition, if you were familiar with the print version you would have known to search the ancient authors by their classical Latin name. That is if you tried to search on Livy, you came up with 0 hits. Even Livius resulted in nothing. Liuius, on the other hand, retrieved more than 1,000 hits.  You could not use Aristotle or even Aristoteles, rather Aristoteles Stagirites, which you would have known from the printed index, and you would have had to use the classical Latin form of names, i.e., Vergilius Maro (P.) and not the later spelling Virgilius with an i. It was also a challenge to understand whether you were looking at a book chapter or a journal article. Now we are fostering a new generation of classicists who may not be familiar with the print version, nor with the online version either for that matter, but one that may choose to search Google or other search engines instead. Naturally, you will not be able to assemble a comprehensive or even near-to comprehensive bibliography that way. Using subject bibliographies is still the way to do it. Fortunately, Brepols took over and now the interface and search commands are perfectly self-explanatory. Perhaps less fortunately, Brepols recently launched a new interface, which, subjectively speaking, seems not to be as intuitive, but above all much too cluttered. The Année has become even more useful in moving beyond mere indexing to providing full text whenever possible and citations using Chicago, MLA, APA, and other style sheets.  

There are many other historic bibliographies such as Ruelle’s Bibliotheca Latina: Bibliographie annuelle des études latines 1904-1906; Jean Cousin, Bibliographie de la langue latine: 1880-1948, 1951; Hübner’s Bibliographie der klassichen Altertumswissenschaft to 1889, etc., to consult as well if you wish to know which editions were published when or which secondary sources of, for example, an ancient Greek author were published before 1924. 

  • Dix Années de la Bibliographie Classique (1914-1924)
    Jules Marouzeau.
    Auteurs et textes.–2. ptie. Matières et disciplines.
    Full-text is available in HathiTrust.
  • Bibliographie de l’Antiquité Classique (1896-1914)
    Scarlat Lambrino.
    Paris: Société d’édition “Les Belles Lettres,” Collection de bibliographie classique 1, 1951- . 1. ptie. Auteurs et textes.
    Full text is available in the Internet Archive; however, establishing an account and login are necessary.
  • Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum et Graecorum et Latinorum (1878-1896)
    Rudolf Klussmann.
    Leipzig: O. R. Reisland, 1909-13, published in 2 vols.
    Full-text is available in HathiTrust.
  • Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum (1700-1878)
    Wilhelm Engelmann (Emil Preuss).
    1. abt. Scriptores graeci. — 2. abt. Scriptores latini.
    Leipzig [etc.]: W. Engelmann, 1853.
    Full-text is available in HathiTrust.
  • Handbuch der classischen Bibliographie (ca. 1500-ca. 1830)
    Franz Ludwig Anton Schweiger.
    Covering the beginning of printing to c. 1830. Overlaps with both Fabricius and Engelmann and fills in gaps between the two. 
    Leipzig: F. Fleischer, 1830-34.
    Sammlungen (collections)
    Centones (Literary Patchwork, Falconia (Faltonia) Proba (Proba Falconia), verses by Vergil put together for a poem centered on Jesus — Cento vergilianus de laudibus Christi). Centones common in late antiquity, collage of verses to form a new work.
    Ältere Erklärer (older commentators)
    Erläuterungschriften (commentaries)
    Übersetzungen (translations)
    Opuscula—opera minora
    Hilftsmittel (handbooks, dictionaries)
    Parts of the book is available in the Internet Archive. Open access. 
  • Bibliotheca Graeca and Bibliotheca Latina (ca. 1480-ca. 1700)
    Johannes Albertus Fabricius.
    Covering the early days of printing to the 1700s in 12 vols. and 6 vols.
    London: Impensis T. Leigh, & D. Midwinter, ad insigne Rosæ Coronatæ in Cœmeterio D. Pauli, 1703.
    Hamburg: sumptu Benjamin Schiller; Leoburgi, typis Pfeifferianis, 1712.
    Versiones-translations
    Catalecta—opera minora
    Full-text of Bibliotheca Graeca is available in HathiTrust.
    Full-text of Bibliotheca Latina is available in HathiTrust.
  • Dyabola
    Used to be the OPAC of the DAI. Now it is owned by a commercial company and covers classical archaeology more broadly. Even though there is much overlap with DAI’s current OPAC, Zenon, there are references not found there. Non-archaeology classicists can sometimes discover history and philology references not found in the APh. HarvardKey needed off campus. 
  • Gnomon: Kritische Zeitschrift für die gesamte klassische Altertumswissenschaft with Bibliographische Beilage.
    Review journal with an up-to-date bibliography of recent publications. Should be used alongside APh and Dyabola for bibliography. Requires HarvardKey to access. 
  • Manuscripts with scholia on Euripides
    This is a useful list needed for manuscripts of other ancient authors as well. Open access.
  • Pinakes / Πίνακες: Textes et manuscrits grecs. 
    Open access. Search for manuscripts by country, city, collection, etc. Useful, though not comprehensive. Should be used together with Iter: Gateway to the Middle Ages and Renaissance, Digital Scriptorium, Gallica (manuscripts in France), Manuscripta Medievalia (manuscripts in Germany), Internet culturale (manuscripts in Italy), Manuscriptorium (EU-project in progress), and catalogs of individual libraries, such as Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts at Harvard, Byzantine manuscripts at Dumbarton Oaks, the Bodleian at Oxford with many manuscripts having been digitized, also digitized manuscripts at the Vatican, etc. 
    Another interesting manuscript resource in progress is Fragmentarium.ms. Libraries, archives, and individuals can contribute to the description and identification of manuscript leaves and other fragments, and also contribute their own. Edited by William Duba, University of Fribourg. Open access.

  • Ancient Greek and Latin Texts, Google Books
    Contains some 500 editions of literary texts and a few grammars and lexica. Open access.
  • Ancient Greek Music
    Stefan Hagel, Austrian Academy of Sciences. Listen to computer-generated ancient Greek music from published literary and documentary text fragments using Real Player, a sound card or a MIDI driver. Open access.
  • Aristoteles Latinus Database
    Medieval translations of the works of Aristotle. Catholic University of Leuven. Requires HarvardKey to access.
  • Attic Inscriptions Online
    Search and browse published inscriptions by site, date, monument, etc. Open access.
  • Cambridge Classical Texts and Commentaries
    Access to many volumes online. Search by individual volumes or authors (here Sophocles’ Oedipus the King). Requires HarvardKey access off campus.
  • Catalogus codicum astrologorum graecorum (CCAG)
    12 vols. 1898-1953. Cumont, Boll et al. A classic not easily found in print. Texts collected from libraries in cities throughout Europe. Vol. 1, for example, from Laurenziana, Florence; vol. 2, from Marciana, Venice; 3 from Ambrosiana, Milan; 6 from the National Library, Vienna; 10 from the National Library, Athens, etc. Open access through the Internet Archive.
  • Chicago Homer
    Contains a few editions of Homer and Hesiod with parallel German and English translations. Open access. 
  • Codex Venetus A
    All pages of the codex. No OCR. Open access.
  • Codex Vossiani Graeci et Miscellanei Online
    174 Greek manuscripts (Hippocrates, Galen, Josephus, Aeschylus, Plutarch, Aristotle, Demosthenes, Euripides, Porphyry, Theophrastus, and many more) from the Isaac Vossius collection at the University of Leiden. 
  • Corpus medicorum graecorum and its supplements
    Several texts from medical authors of antiquity, some also in German translation. Also contains Kühn’s concordance to Galen and Littré’s to Hippocrates (volumes and pages). Check HOLLIS; several pdfs in HathiTrust are linked to in the catalog. The CHS has many volumes also in print. Consult HOLLIS for call numbers. Open access.  
  • Cretan Institutional Inscriptions
    7th-1st c. BCE. Searchable database by type, area, period, etc. Also lemmatized text searches with Greek keyboard. There is a browsing function and there is a commentary. Università Ca’ Foscari, Venice. Useful resource, nice interface. Open access.
  • Digital Corpus of Graeco-Arabic Studies
    Many Greek texts and their Arabic translations as well as a number of Arabic commentaries. Open access.
  • Digital Fragmenta Historicum Graecorum (DFHG, Jacoby)
    Open access.
  • DVCTUS
    Searchable published papyri in Spain with images and metadata. Open access.
  • Epigraphische Datenbank zum antiken Kleinasien
    Searchable database of inscriptions from various sites in Asia Minor. University of Hamburg. Open access.
  • Europeana Eagle Project
    Searches Greek inscriptions. Some have peer-reviewed translations. Just like Arachne and pottery to which it is connected, it searches also texts about inscriptions, photos, and book scans which can be frustrating although there is a filtering mechanism for text, images, and artefacts. Open access.
  • Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (v. 1-5).
    (Brill, Jacoby) Online. Requires HarvardKey to access.
    Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (vol. 1).
    Open access through HathiTrust.
  • FragTrag (Greek Fragmentary Tragedians Online).
    Text concordances. It is helpful to have the fragments in one place and searchable. University of Patras. Open access.
  • Greek Papyri in the British Museum
    (NYU, ISAW, Ancient World Digital Library, vol. 1, Kenyon et al.). Open access.
    Greek Papyri in the British Museum (vol. 2).
    Open access. 
    Greek Papyri in the British Museum (vol. 3).
    Open access.
  • HathiTrust
    Contains many older editions and books on classical antiquity. Harvard is a founding and contributing member. Not always the highest quality, but still very useful. Much is open access, but far from everything; however, as Harvard is a major contributor all non-copyrighted content is available. 
  • Homer Multitext Project
    Sample texts and scholia of Venetus A, Homer and the Papyri. Created by Gregory Nagy and the Center for Hellenic Studies. Open access. 
  • Inscriptiones Graecae (IG)
    The electronic version of the print. It is an ongoing project. Documentary texts are continuously added as are German and English translations. Very useful searchable resource of the print corpus of the IG. Open access.
  • Internet Archive
    Contains scans of many older books on classical antiquity. Not always the complete texts. Some materials also require establishing a personal account.
  • Internet Sacred Text Archive
    Contains texts with religious, spiritual, and folklore contents from many religious traditions, including the ancient Greek. The texts comprise primary texts and secondary sources out of copyright, so not the most recent research or understanding of classical antiquity. Questionable texts with debunked theories are included as well as fictional works from the 19th and 20th centuries, but as a cultural heritage site it has value.
  • Itinera Electronica (Greek)
    Useful for morphological and semantic research of Greek literary texts.  Open access.
  • Jacoby Online (Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker, see above).
  • LMPG en línea
    (Léxico de magia y religión en los papiros mágicos griegos).
    Searchable terms found in Greek magical papyri (2nd c. BCE-5th c. CE), most from Preisendanz’ Papyri Graecae Magicae (see below). Open access.
  • Loeb Classical Library (LCL)
    It is very useful to have so much of Greek and Latin literature in one easily accessible resource although it still falls short of the Teubner and Budé editions which are not accessible online (except for most of the Latin Teubner texts). The Greek, Latin, and English word searches work extremely well. It would be nice, though, to be able to search phrases and parts of sentences. One major drawback is the difficuly moving within texts. I am hoping for a Loeb equivalent for Greek and Latin documentary texts (parallel translations and Greek and Latin together). The LCL requires HarvardKey to access.
  • Open Greek and Latin
    (First 1K Greek Project, texts between Homer and 250 CE). Harvard is a founding and contributing member. CHS provides student internships and “work on a new commentary environment for close reading.” Offers multiple editions of some texts. Open access. 
  • Patrologia Graeca (Migne)
    Requires HarvardKey access off campus.
  • Papyri Graecae Magicae (PGM) (Zauberpapyri, Preisendanz, vol. 1)
    Open access. Greek and German parallel texts. 
    Papyri Graecae Magicae (Zauberpapyri, Preisendanz, vol. 2).
    Open access.
    Papyri Graecae Magicae (Zauberpapyri, Preisendanz, vol. 3 index). 
    Open access.
    In English translation, see also.
  • Scholia minora in Homerum
    Open access.
  • Searchable Greek Inscriptions (PHI)
    Open access.
  • Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum (SEG)
    The SEG collects newly published Greek inscriptions (from archaic texts to the 8th century CE) and presents the Greek texts with an apparatus criticus. It also summarizes new readings, interpretations, and studies of known inscriptions. Requires HarvardKey to access. 
  • Suda Online
    A Byzantine encyclopedia of classical antiquity. Useful with caveats (biographical information written several hundred years after the death of many of the personalities described; information appears collected from various sources including poetry and comedy). Open access.
  • Tesserae (Greek and Latin)
    Useful for intertextual research of select literary authors and works. Search phrases and lines, forms, lemmata, sounds. Open access.
  • Thesaurus Linguae Graecae (TLG)
    Very useful for morphological and semantic research, lemmatization, statistical information. Contains all ancient Greek literary texts, though using mostly editions out-of-copyright. Requires HarvardKey to access as well as establishing a personal account and login.