Chapters

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Note on Translations and Editions of Oedipus Tyrannus

Note on Translations and Editions of Oedipus Tyrannus I quote Lloyd-Jones’ translation of Oedipus Tyrannus used throughout, unless otherwise indicated. The edition of the original text is by Lloyd-Jones & Wilson (1990), for I had nearly completed my book when the edition/commentary by Finglass (2018) appeared. However, I adopt the newer edition in places where I disagree with Lloyd-Jones & Wilson, changing the translation accordingly. … Read more

Book Chapter

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements To my beloved children Aspasia, Dimitris, and Athina Who had to learn how to fall Before learning how to fly They all fly now, with elegance and kindness … In the long years devoted to the research and writing of this book on Oedipus, I came to realize that I cannot really distinguish between the people who supported… Read more

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Selected Bibliography

Appendix II.A: The Legend of Cloelia {263–270} The war between the infant Roman Republic and the Etruscan king Lars Porsenna became the setting for three episodes which attracted the fancy of the Roman literary establishment, and surely also that of the undocumented public at large, for generations: Horatius Cocles swimming the Tiber in full arms, Mucius Cordus thrusting his hand into the fire, and the maiden Cloelia escaping from hostageship. Read more

Book Chapter

Appendix II.A: The Legend of Cloelia {263–270}

Appendix 1C: Rhetorical References to Hostages {261} Herein are the rhetorical and non-personal references to ὅμηρος and obsides found in the works cited in the bibliography. Sources: “Hostage” Josephus, J.A. 11.303 marriage Diodorus 19.24.2 money Polybius 1.68.3 baggage Plutarch, Moralia 54A sympathy Plutarch, Cato Minor 30.4 marriage Cicero, Pro Caelio 32.78 prosecutions Cicero, Pro Cluentio 66.188 dead sons Cicero, In Catilinam 4.5.9 opinion (sententia) Cicero, In Catilinam 4.2.3 Cicero’s son… Read more

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Appendix 1C: Rhetorical References to Hostages {261}

Appendix 1B: Historical and Legendary Hostages, continued {246–259} Case Number At Time of Exaction           Period of Detention   Termination of Hostageship   Sex Age Number Affiliation Selection Time Place Treatment   1 F nubile X child of donor X X R Impregnated X 2 X παῖδες X X X X R Threatened Rescued 3 M τέκνα X Aeneas’ grandsons X X R Adopted X 4… Read more

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Appendix 1B: Historical and Legendary Hostages, continued {246–259}

Appendix 1A: Historical and Legendary Hostages {214-244} The following lists comprise all the references to hostages and hostageship found in the ancient authors who are cited in the bibliography. In the first (Appendix 1.A.) are all historical and legendary/historical cases; they have been arranged in chronological order and assigned a reference number. Besides the basic data of donor and recipient, each incident is classified into one of the four categories:… Read more

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Appendix 1A: Historical and Legendary Hostages {214-244}

5: Conclusion {205–209} We have seen that hostageship was an integral part of Roman foreign policy, an institution rooted deeply in both the legendary past (Dionysius of Halicarnassus 1.43.1; 1.59.2) and the contemporary accounts of Rome’s incredibly swift expansion during the second and first centuries B.C. (e.g., Polybius and Caesar). Only one hypothesis could explain the long duration of hostageship over so many centuries and involving such diverse peoples: it… Read more

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5: Conclusion {205–209}

4: The Termination of Hostageship {144–191} In the previous chapters we have examined some of the purposes for which hostages were exacted in antiquity, the specific regulations by which they were chosen, and their treatment during detention. Finally, we must consider the ways in which the contract according to which the hostages served could be terminated and thus their detention permanently ended. [1] There were… Read more

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4: The Termination of Hostageship {144–191}

3: Roman Conduct toward Foreign Hostages {94–132} A meticulous examination of the evidence concerning Roman conduct toward and treatment of foreign hostages is crucial to an understanding of Roman policy on hostages and its probable intended results. The difficulties involved in such an examination are threefold. First, material relating to the period of detention, when Roman authorities actually held the hostages, is scanty, and in many cases this material is… Read more

Book Chapter

3: Roman Conduct toward Foreign Hostages {94–132}

2: The System of Hostage Regulations in Rome and the Greco-Roman World {27–79} The formal regulations concerning hostages reveal considerable variety in detail. Nonetheless, it is worthwhile to examine the several categories into which the regulations may be classified in order to determine the underlying principles by which hostages were chosen and to attempt the reconstruction of a typical case. I have used material from Greek and other Mediterranean cultures… Read more